Human anatomy: Definition and overview of the organs

 Anatomy of Arm Muscles The muscles of the arm are divided into two main compartments: 1. Anterior (flexor) compartment – primarily responsible for flexion of the elbow and supination of the forearm. 2. Posterior (extensor) compartment – primarily responsible for extension of the elbow and wrist. 1. Anterior Compartment of Arm Biceps Brachii Origin: Long head: supraglenoid tubercle of scapula Short head: coracoid process of scapula Insertion: radial tuberosity and bicipital aponeurosis Action: flexes elbow, supinates forearm, weak shoulder flexion Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve Brachialis Origin: distal half of anterior humerus Insertion: coronoid process and tuberosity of ulna Action: flexes elbow (primary flexor) Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve Coracobrachialis Origin: coracoid process of scapula Insertion: medial surface of humerus Action: flexes and adducts arm at shoulder Nerve: musculocutaneous nerve 2. Posterior Compartment of Arm Triceps Brachii Origin: Long head: infraglenoid...

Anatomy of the Human Wrist The wrist is a complex joint that connects the forearm to the hand and allows for a wide range of movements such as flexion, extension, abduction, and rotation. It is essential for grip, dexterity, and overall hand function. 1. Bones of the Wrist The wrist consists of eight small carpal bones arranged in two rows : Proximal row (from thumb to little finger) : Scaphoid Lunate Triquetrum Pisiform Distal row (from thumb to little finger) : 5. Trapezium 6. Trapezoid 7. Capitate 8. Hamate These bones articulate with the radius (forearm bone) and the metacarpal bones (hand bones) to form the wrist joint. 2. Joints of the Wrist Radiocarpal joint : Connects the radius with the proximal row of carpal bones. Midcarpal joint : Lies between the proximal and distal rows of carpal bones. Distal radioulnar joint : Allows rotation of the forearm, essential for pronation and supination. 3. Ligaments of the Wrist Ligaments provide stability...